Lottery versus All - Pay Auction Contests A Revenue Dominance

We allow a contest organizer to bias a contest in a discriminatory way, that is, she can favor specifi c contestants through the choice of contest success functions in order to maximize total equilibrium eff ort (resp. revenue). The scope for revenue enhancement through biasing is analyzed and compared for the two predominant contest regimes; i.e. all-pay auctions and lottery contests. Our main result reveals that an appropriately biased all-pay auction revenue-dominates the optimally biased lottery contest for all levels of heterogeneity among contestants. Moreover, such a biased all-pay auction will never make use of the celebrated exclusion principle advanced by Baye et al. (1993). JEL Classifi cation: C72, D72